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    • 专利摘要:
    TRANSPARENT GLASS HAVING A HEATABLE COAT AND METHOD TO PRODUCE A TRANSPARENT GLASS. The invention relates to a transparent panel with a conductive coating, which is electrically connected to an electrically heated coating that extends at least over a part of the pane and at least two first electrodes provided for electrical connection to the two terminals of a source of such a voltage that by applying a supply voltage, a heating current flows over a heating field formed between the first two electrodes. The heating field includes at least one coating-free zone. In accordance with the purpose of the invention, at least one secondary electrode provided for electrical connection to a voltage source terminal is arranged, which has at least one supply section arranged at least in sections in the free zone and one or a plurality of connecting sections connected to the supply section, where the connecting sections extend, in each case, from the zone without coating, to a section of the heating field, which is located between the zone without coating and the primary electrode provided for connection to the other (...) terminal.
    公开号:BR112013003961B1
    申请号:R112013003961-2
    申请日:2011-08-26
    公开日:2020-11-03
    发明作者:Susanne Lisinski；Dang Cuong Phan；Günther Schall
    申请人:Saint-Gobain Glass France；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The invention in general relates to a transparent pane having an electrically heated coating according to the preamble of claim 1.
    [0002] Transparent panes having an electrical heating layer are well known to you and have already been described many times in the patent literature. Just as an example, reference is made in this with respect to German Published Patent Applications DE 102008018147 A1 and DE 102008029986 A1. In motor vehicles, they are often used as windshields, since, by law, the central visual field should not have any restriction of vision, with the exception of heating wires. Through the heat generated by the heating layer, condensed moisture, ice and snow can be removed in a short time. Usually, such panes are produced as composite panes, in which two individual panes are joined together by a layer of thermoplastic adhesive. The heating layer can be applied to one of the internal surfaces of the individual glazing, with, however, other structures also known, in which the heating layer is located on a loader that is arranged between the two individual glazing.
    [0003] The heating layer is usually electrically connected to at least a pair of collector electrodes in the form of a band or ribbon ("collector bars"), which are intended to introduce the heating current as uniformly as possible into the coating and to distribute it widely. For an attractive aesthetic appearance of the glazing, the opaque busbars are covered by opaque concealment strips.
    [0004] In general, the Pspec specific heating output of a heatable coating can be described by the formula Pspec = U2 / (Rn D2), where U is the supply voltage, Rn is the resistance of the electrical sheet of the coating, and D is the distance between the two bus bars. The resistance of the Rn sheet of the coating is, with the materials currently used in industrial series production, in the order of a few ohms per square unit of area (Ω / α).
    [0005] In order to obtain a satisfactory heating output for the desired purpose with the standard 12 to 24 volts plate voltage available in motor vehicles, the busbars must have the shortest possible distance D between them. In light of the fact that the resistance R of the heatable coating increases with the length of the chain path and since the motor vehicle panes are usually wider than they are high, the collecting bars are typically arranged along the edges of top and bottom pane such that the heating current can flow through the shortest path of the window pane height.
    [0006] However, panes with an electrical heating layer block relatively strong electromagnetic radiation such that, particularly in motor vehicles with a heated windshield, radio data traffic can be significantly compromised. Consequently, heated windshields are often provided with coating-free zones (“communications windows or sensor windows”), which are completely permeable to at least certain ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum, to enable trouble-free data traffic. Coating-free zones, in which electronic devices, such as sensors and the like, are often located, are commonly arranged adjacent the edge of the top pane, where they can be completely canceled by the upper concealment strips.
    [0007] However, the zones exempt from coating comprise the electrical properties of the heating layer, affecting, at least locally, the current density distribution of the heating current that flows through the heating layer. Currently, they cause a highly inhomogeneous heating outlet distribution, with the heating outlet below and in the area surrounding the coating-free zones clearly reduced. On the other hand, sites with a particularly high current density (“heating point”) appear, where the heating output is highly increased. As a result, very high local glazing temperatures can appear which presents a risk of burning and impose great thermal stress on the glazing. In addition, points of adhesion of the parts mounted on it can be loosened.
    [0008] In contrast, the aim of the present invention is to improve generic glazing so that the glazing is heatable with at least a virtually uniform distribution of the heating outlet. The generation of hot spots must be reliably and safely prevented. This and other objectives are achieved according to the purpose of the invention through a transparent pane with the characteristics of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are indicated by the characteristics of the dependent claims.
    [0009] In general terms, the transparent pane comprises an electrically heated (conductive) transparent coating, which extends at least over a substantial part of the pane area, in particular, over its visual field. The electrically heated coating is electrically connected to at least two first electrodes provided for electrical connection to the two terminals of a voltage source such that by applying a supply voltage, a heating current flows over a heating field formed between the two. first electrodes. Typically, the first two electrodes are implemented, in each case, in the form of a band or ribbon electrode (collection electrode or collection grid or collection bar) for the introduction and wide distribution of the current in the heatable coating. For example, the first electrodes are, for this purpose, galvanically connected to the heating layer. The term "heating field" thus refers, at this point, to the heatable part of the electrically heated coating that is located between the first two electrodes such that a heating current can be introduced.
    [0010] In the glazing according to the invention, the heating field includes at least one coating-free zone in which no heating layer is present. The coating-free zone is bounded by a zone edge formed at least in sections by the heated coating. In particular, the coating-free zone has a circumferential zone edge, which is formed (completely) by the heated coating. The coating-free zone can be produced, for example, by disguising itself in the time of application of the heating layer on a substrate or by removing the heating layer, for example, by mechanical or chemical ablation after the application of the coating electrically heatable.
    [0011] In accordance with the purpose of the invention, the transparent pane is substantially distinct in that it has at least a second electrode provided for the electrical connection to a voltage source terminal, the electrode of which is arranged at least in sections, in particular with only one electrode section in the coating-free zone and is electrically connected to the electrically heated coating such that by applying a supply voltage, a portion of the heating current flows over a region or section of the heating field, which is located between the second electrode or the zone without coating and the first electrode supplied for connection to the other terminal of the voltage source.
    [0012] The second electrode has at least one supply section arranged at least in sections within the coating-free zone and one or a plurality of connection sections connected to the supply section, where the connection sections extend, in each case, starting from the zone without coating, at least beyond an edge section of the zone edge. This edge section is formed through a section of the heating field that is located between the zone without coating and the first electrode provided for connection to the other terminal of the voltage source. Thus, the zone without coating and the first electrode provided for connection to the other terminal of the voltage source are located on the opposite sides of said section of the heating field. Typically, the edge section of the zone edge, beyond which the connection sections extend, is located opposite, or in the immediate vicinity of, the first electrode provided for connection to the other terminal of the voltage source. For example, said edge section of the zone edge has a course at least approximately linear that moves parallel to a section at least approximately linear of the first electrode provided for connection to the other terminal of the voltage source. In a zone free of coating, for example, at least approximately rectangular, whose edges are arranged in parallel or perpendicular to the first linear electrodes, the heating current is introduced, for this purpose, in the heating coating through the section of edge opposite the first electrode. This edge section has a shorter distance to the first electrode provided for connection to the other voltage source terminal.
    [0013] In general, the second electrode is implemented such that the heating current can be introduced (widely) distributed in the heatable coating. The second electrode has, for this purpose, one or preferably a plurality of connection sections that extend beyond the edge of the heatable coating connecting to the zone without coating and which are electrically connected to the electrically heated coating in order to introduce the heating current (widely) distributed in the coating. The connection sections are, for this purpose, advantageously implemented with free ends, in particular in the form of protrusions, which preferably protrude from or project into the first electrode provided for electrical connection to the other terminal of the voltage source. Advantageously, the connection sections are evenly distributed over said edge section, preferably close together with an equal distance between them. The connecting sections can be arranged, for example, as the tooth of a comb or as a comb. This measure makes it possible to obtain a particularly uniform introduction of the heating current into the heating jacket. The connecting sections can be arranged, in particular, perpendicular to the edge section, beyond which they extend.
    [0014] Advantageously, in the glazing according to the invention, a potential difference can be established between the second electrode disposed at least in sections in the zone without coating and the first electrode supplied for connection to the other terminal of the voltage source such that the current density distribution of the heating current in the heatable coating is at least virtually homogeneous. Similarly, homogenization of the distribution of the heating outlet in the heating jacket can be achieved, by means of which, in particular, sites with reduced or increased heating outlet (heating point) can be avoided.
    [0015] By means of the second electrode disposed at least in sections in the zone without coating, the heat distribution in the heating layer can be selectively influenced. A particular advantage stems from the fact that the second electrode is arranged at least with an electrode section within the coating-free zone such that, at this point, no heating current supply through the first two electrodes can flow from the heating layer in the second electrode. Thus, an unwanted additional heating (for example, local) of the second electrode with the risk of forming the heating point can be avoided. On the other hand, such an effect is typically anticipated if the second electrode is, for example, applied to the heating layer around the coating-free zone.
    [0016] Another advantage of the second electrode disposed at least in sections in the zone without coating results from the fact that the adhesion of, for example, a metallic printing paste to, for example, a glass substrate is typically better than when the heatable coating. This is particularly true for a silver printing paste applied in a printing process, through which a particularly good adhesion to glass can be obtained. This allows for a significant improvement in the durability, in particular, the scratch resistance, of the second electrode.
    [0017] Another advantage of the second electrode disposed at least in sections in the zone without coating results from the heating action of the second electrode within the zone without coating. With such a design of the second electrode, any residue of ice or condensed water in the region of the zone without coating can be avoided by the heat removed by the second electrode.
    [0018] As already indicated, the second electrode is provided for connection to a voltage source terminal, with this being advantageous in relation to the second electrode to be electrically connected with the first electrode supplied for connection to a voltage source terminal such that the second electrode does not require any separate electrical connection to the voltage source. Alternatively, it would also be possible, however, for the second electrode to have a separate connection to the voltage source. In a particularly advantageous manner, the second electrode and the first electrode supplied for connection to a voltage source terminal are, for this purpose, implemented in the form of a common (single) electrode such that the second electrode is formed through a section of electrode of the first electrode. This measure allows the glazing according to the invention to be produced in a particularly simple way from a technical point of view, in particular, by a common process step or by the same process step.
    [0019] According to the invention, the supply section connected to the connection sections consists of at least two supply parts (structurally) separated from one another, but electrically connected to each other. Thus, the second electrode is discontinuous in the two supply parts of the supply section, that is, the two supply parts have no touch contact with each other.
    [0020] At this point, it is essential that the two delivery parts have, in each case, a coupling section, which is electrically connected to the heating jacket, for example, by printing on the heating jacket. In addition, the two coupling sections are arranged in such a way that they are galvanically connected to each other through the heatable liner. The term “coupling sections” refers here and after those regions of the two supply parts of the supply section that are, on one side, electrically connected to the heating jacket and, on the other, galvanically coupled together. However, this does not prevent the supply parts, in each case, from also having other sections that, in fact, are electrically connected to the heating jacket, but are not galvanically coupled with the other supply parts.
    [0021] The second electrode, therefore, has no contiguous structure, but is formed by the two supply parts of the supply section separated from each other, and the electrically heated coating between the two coupling sections, as well as one or a plurality connection sections.
    [0022] The two coupling sections of the supply parts are, for the purpose of a galvanic connection, arranged (directly) adjacent or contiguous with each other, with the two coupling sections arranged in juxtaposition and operating close together or opposite to each other with some distance between them. The distance between the two coupling sections is preferably selected such that the heating current can flow at least virtually without the loss of the load supports through the heated lining of one coupling section to another coupling section. For example, the coupling sections have, for this purpose, a distance from each other that is in the range of a single numeral centimeter or less.
    [0023] To be sure, the dissipation of electrical energy from the electrodes during energization with the heating current is relatively low, however, a heating of the supply section of the second electrode, in particular, in the case where the supply section has a winding way, cannot be stopped. Thus, the hot spot sites (heating point) may possibly appear in the region of the supply section. By dividing the supply section here proposed into at least two separate supply parts, the occurrence of such a heating point can be advantageously counteracted effectively as the heating current is distributed over a comparatively larger area.
    [0024] As already established, the two coupling sections are arranged adjacent to each other, whereby in particular each can have at least one approximately linear stroke parallel to each other, in order to obtain a connection particularly effective electrically conductive coating.
    [0025] In particular, one of the two coupling sections (“primary coupling section”) can be connected to the first electrode provided for connection to one voltage source terminal and the other coupling section (“secondary coupling section”) it can be connected to one or a plurality of connection sections. This measurement allows for a particularly simple realization from the technical point of view of the second split electrode.
    [0026] Preferably, the electrodes of the transparent glazing are produced in the printing method, for example, the screen or screen printing method, which allows a particularly simple technical, economical, and safe manufacturing, in particular, of the two separate delivery parts, but galvanically coupled.
    [0027] Alternatively, it would also be possible to manufacture the first two electrodes and / or the second electrode, in each case, as independent electrical components and to connect them electrically to the heated coating, for example, through welding.
    [0028] The second electrode has at least one supply section connected to the connection sections, the supply section of which, in an embodiment of the invention, is composed of a coating portion disposed (exclusively) outside the free zone and a portion of the zone arranged (exclusively) within the zone without coating. Alternatively, the supply section can consist exclusively of the zone portion such that the supply section is arranged completely within the zone free of coating. The aforementioned design has the particular advantage that the second electrode can be applied in a completely virtual manner to a glass substrate, for example, such that the second electrode has a particularly good adhesion to the substrate. In addition, in a particularly advantageous manner, currents flowing through the heatable liner between adjacent sections of the supply section can be avoided.
    [0029] The supply section, in particular, the portion of the zone disposed within the zone without coating, of the second electrode advantageously follows at least in the edge section (or its contour) of the zone edge, through which the connection sections they extend through which a particularly effective introduction of the heating current in the section of the heatable coating between the coating-free zone and the first electrode supplied for connection to the other terminal of the voltage source can be obtained.
    [0030] For the heating action mentioned above, it is particularly advantageous for the supply section, in particular the zone portion, to circumferentially follow the zone edge such that, in the region of the full zone edge, heat can be removed to the area without coating. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of this subject, the supply section, in particular, the zone portion is distributed disposed over the coating-free zone, for example, in which the circumferential zone portion is provided with connection cross-links such that the coating-free zone is particularly effectively heated by the second electrode.
    [0031] In the glazing according to the invention, the second electrode can also have a plurality of supply sections, which, in each case, have a portion of the zone arranged within the zone free of coating, in which each portion of the zone is connected to one or a plurality of connection sections. This measure allows, in a particularly simple way, that the supply section follows the contour of the area without the coating only in some edge sections, with, for example, certain edge sections omitted, for example, because they have a particularly high curvature or a very short distance to the first electrode provided for connection to the other terminal of the voltage source, with the result of an unwanted high current (distribution of the non-uniform heating output) between the second electrode and the first electrode.
    [0032] In addition, the transparent pane may have a plurality of areas free of coating, with which, in each case, a second separate electrode can be associated. Alternatively, the plurality of coating-free zones can be associated in common with a second simple electrode, which then has a plurality of portion portions with, in each case, one or a plurality of connecting sections.
    [0033] The electrically heated coating may consist of an individual electrically heated layer or a layer sequence containing such individual layer. In general, in the glazing according to the invention, the electrical resistance of the heatable coating is dimensioned such that applying a supply voltage, which is, for example, in the range of 12 to 24 volts, a heating output suitable for the application practice in the range of, for example, 300 to 1000 watts / m2 is removed by the heating field. The electrical resistance of the heated coating depends on the material used for the heating layer, for this purpose, for example, silver (Ag) is used. For example, the electrical resistance of the heated coating is in the range of 0.5 to 4 Ω / π. The conductive coating includes an electrically conductive material, typically a metal or metal oxide. Examples are metals with high electrical conductivity, such as silver (Ag), copper (Cu), gold (Au), aluminum (Al), or molybdenum (Mo), metal alloys such as silver (Ag) bonded with palladium (Pa ), as well as transparent conductive oxides (TCOs). TCOs are preferably indium and tin oxide, fluoride-dripped tin dioxide, aluminum-dripped tin dioxide, gallium-dripped tin dioxide, boron-dripped tin dioxide, zinc and tin oxide, or dripped tin dioxide antimony. For example, the conductive coating consists of a metallic layer such as a silver layer or a metallic alloy consisting of silver that is embedded between at least two coatings of dielectric material of the metal oxide type. Metal oxide contains, for example, zinc oxide, tin oxide, indium oxide, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, or the like, as well as combinations of one or a plurality of these. The dielectric material can also contain silicon nitride, silicon carbide, or aluminum nitride. For example, metallic layer systems with a plurality of metallic layers are used, in which the individual metallic layers are separated by at least one layer made of dielectric material. The very thin metallic layers, which contain, in particular, titanium or niobium, can also be provided on both sides of a silver layer. The bottom metallic layer serves as a bonding and crystallization layer. The top metallic layer serves as a protective and absorbent layer to prevent a change in silver during the other steps of the process.
    [0034] The conductive coating is preferably a transparent coating that is permeable to electromagnetic radiation, preferably electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength of 300 to 1300 nm, in particular, to visible light. The term “permeable” here refers to a total transmission, which is, in particular for visible light, for example> 70% and, in particular,> 80%. For example, light transmission from a motor vehicle windshield is approximately 71%. Transparent conductive coatings are known, for example, from published documents DE 202008017611 U1 and EP 0847965 B1.
    [0035] Advantageously, the layer sequence has high thermal stability such that it withstands the temperatures of typically more than 600 ° C required for mixing glass panes without damage; however, a uniform layered sequence with low thermal stability can be provided. Such a layer construction is typically achieved through a succession of deposition procedures. The conductive coating is, for example, deposited outside the gas phase directly on a substrate, for this purpose, methods known to you, such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD) can be used. Preferably, the conductive coating is deposited on a substrate by spraying (spraying with magnesium cathode). However, it is also conceivable to apply the conductive coating first on a plastic film, in particular PET film (PET = polyethylene terephthalate), which is then glued to a substrate.
    [0036] The thickness of the conductive coating can vary widely and be adapted to the requirements of the individual case. It is essential that in a transparent flat electrical structure, the thickness of the conductive coating must not be so large that it becomes impervious to electromagnetic radiation, preferably to electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 300 to 1300 nm and, in particular, visible light. For example, the thickness of the conductive coating is anywhere in the range of 30 nm to 100 pm. In the case of TCOs, the layer thickness is, for example, in the range of 100 nm to 1.5 pm, preferably in the range of 150 nm to 1 pm and more preferably in the range of 200 nm to 500 nm.
    [0037] On the other hand, the first two electrodes and the second electrode have, in each case, compared to the heatable coating, a substantially lower electrical resistance. For example, the electrodes have, in each case, an electrical resistance that is in the range of 0.15 to 4 ohms / meter (Ω / m), through which it can be obtained that the applied supply voltage drops substantially during the heat-resistant coating such that the electrodes heat up only slightly during operation and a comparatively small share of the heating output on the available electrodes is removed as energy dissipation. However, alternatively, a substantially greater energy dissipation from the second electrode can be provided to obtain an adequate heating output to heat the coating-free zone by the second electrode.
    [0038] A metal such as silver (Ag), in particular in the form of a printing paste and use in the printing method, copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), tungsten (W), and zinc (Zn), or a metal alloy can, for example, be used as electrode material, with this list not being exhaustive. For example, the printing paste includes silver particles and glass chips. For an electrode, for example, made of silver (Ag), which is produced in the printing method, the layer thickness is, for example, in the range of 2 to 25 microns (pm), in particular in the range of 5 to 15 pm, for example, in the range of 7 to 15 pm.
    [0039] In particular, the electrodes can be produced by printing a metallic printing paste on the conductive coating. Alternatively, it is also possible to use a strip of thin sheet metal as an electrode, which contains, for example, copper and / or aluminum. For example, an electrical contact between the foil strip and the conductive coating can be obtained through an autoclave process through the action of heat and pressure. The electrical contact can, however, also be produced by welding or gluing with an electrically conductive adhesive.
    [0040] In general, the electrical resistance of the second electrode can be dimensioned according to the specific requirements of the respective application. According to the invention, it is advantageous that the second electrode has such resistance that when applying the supply voltage, a potential difference between the second electrode and the first electrode supplied for connection to the other voltage source terminal occurs, by means of the that it is carried out between the current density distribution of the heating current in the heatable coating is at least virtually homogeneous. For this purpose, it may be advantageous for the second electrode to have a supply section located, for example, at least in sections, outside the zone without coating, the length of which is dimensioned, for example, through a sinuously curved stroke, such as the second electrode has a pre-definable (selectable) or pre-defined electrical resistance. Since the electrical resistance increases with an increase in length, the resistance of the second electrode can be modified in this way very simply by varying the length of the supply section. This can be advantageous with respect to at least a virtually homogeneous current density distribution of the heating current in the heatable coating, if, in particular, by varying the length of the supply section, the second electrode has an electrical resistance corresponding to the electrical resistance that the heated coating has on a surface area that is the same size as the coating-free zone. This measure can allow to obtain a particularly effective homogenization of the density distribution of the current in the heating layer.
    [0041] As already indicated, this is advantageous in the glazing according to the invention with respect to a homogeneous current density distribution in the heating field, for the second electrode to be implemented such that the heating current is introduced distributed over the edge of the heated coating connecting to the non-coated area. The second electrode can, for example, be implemented such that the heating current is introduced distributed at least over such a section of edge of the heatable coating, which has a shorter distance, in particular, a shorter perpendicular distance to the first electrode supplied for the connection to the other terminal of the voltage source. With a zone free of coating at least approximately rectangular, for example, the heating current can be introduced, for this purpose, for example over one of the two longest edge sections or one of the two shortest edge sections, depending which edge section is opposite the first electrode provided for connection to the other voltage source terminal.
    [0042] The glazing according to the invention can, for example, be implemented as the so-called single-plane safety glass (SPSG) with only one substrate or as a composite glazing with, as a rule, two substrates joined together by a layer of thermoplastic adhesive. The substrate is made, for example, of a glass material, such as flat glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda lime glass, molded glass, or ceramic glass, or of a non-vitreous material, for example, plastic, such as polystyrene (PS), polyamide (PA), polyester (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMA), or polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and / or mixtures of these. Examples of suitable glasses can be found, for example, in European Patent EP0847965 B1. In general, any material with sufficient chemical resistance, adequate shape and size stability, as well as, optionally, suitable optical transparency can be used. Depending on the application, the thickness of the substrate can vary widely. For a heatable, transparent glazing, the thickness of the substrate is, for example, in the range of 1 to 25 mm, whereas, typically, for transparent glazing, a thickness of 1.4 to 2.1 mm is used. The substrate is flat or curved in one or a plurality of spatial directions. In the case of a composite glazing, the heated coating is arranged on at least one surface, for example, on the surface of the internal glazing facing the external glazing and / or on a surface of a loader arranged between the two individual glazing. For example, the glazing according to the invention is implemented in the form of a motor vehicle windshield, with the coating-free zone arranged, for example, adjacent or in the vicinity of an edge of the top glazing of the windscreen. breeze in the illustrated state, whereby a simple covering of the uncoated area is possible using an opaque covering element implemented, for example, as a border printed on black canvas.
    [0043] The invention also extends to a method for producing a transparent pane, in particular, as set out above. The method comprises the following steps: - producing an electrically heated coating, which extends at least over a substantial part of the area of the glazing, in particular, in its visual field; - form at least two first electrodes provided for electrical connection to the two terminals of a voltage source, electrodes that are electrically connected to the heating jacket such that when applying a supply voltage, a heating current flows over a heating field located between the first two electrodes; - producing at least one zone free of coating in the heating field, which is bounded by a zone border formed at least in sections by the heatable coating; - produce at least a second electrode provided for electrical connection to a voltage source terminal, the electrode of which moves at least in sections in the zone without coating and is electrically connected to the heated coating such that a part of the heating current flows over a section of the heating field that is located between the second electrode and the first electrode provided for connection to the other terminal of the voltage source. The second electrode is produced in such a way that it has at least one supply section arranged at least in sections within the free zone and one or a plurality of connection sections, in which the connection sections extend, in each case, starting from the zone without coating, in addition to an edge section of the zone edge, where the edge section is formed by a section of the heating field, which is located between the zone without coating and the first electrode supplied for connection to the other terminal of the voltage source.
    [0044] Typically, the second electrode is implemented such that it has at least one supply section arranged at least in the sections outside the zone without coating and a plurality of connection sections, where the connection sections are distributed arranged at least in an end section of the end connection of the coating-free zone, the end of which is opposite the first electrode provided for connection to the external pole of the voltage source, and electrically connected to the heated coating. The supply section is formed from at least two supply parts separated from each other, which in each case have a coupling section electrically connected to the heatable liner, with the two coupling sections disposed opposite each other, such that they are galvanically coupled by the heating liner.
    [0045] In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the second electrode and the first electrode provided for the electrical connection to a voltage source terminal are produced, for example, by printing, in particular, printing of screen. Together in one and the same printing process or step.
    [0046] The invention also extends to the use of a glazing as described above as an individual functional and / or decorative part and as a part constructed in furniture, devices, and constructions, as well as in means of transport for travel on land, in air, or water, in particular in motor vehicles, for example, as a windshield, rear window, side window, and / or glass roof. Preferably, the glazing according to the invention is implemented as a motor vehicle windshield or a motor vehicle side window.
    [0047] It should be understood that the characteristics mentioned above and those to be explained below can be used not only in the combinations indicated, but also in other combinations or alone, without breaking the scope of the present invention. Brief Description of the Figures
    [0048] The invention is now explained in detail using the exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached figures. These describe, in simplified representation, and not in scale: Fig. 1: a top view of an exemplary embodiment of the windshield of the motor vehicle according to the invention; Fig. 2: a cross-sectional perspective view of a detail of the windshield in Fig. 1; Fig. 3: to 8: different variants of the windshield of Fig. 1; Fig. 4: a 9B: another variant of the windshield in Fig. 1 with a discontinuous supply section; Fig. 10 to 11: variants of the windshield of Fig. 9A and 9B; Fig. 12 is a variant of the windshield of Fig. 7. Detailed Description of the Figures
    [0049] The reference is first made to Figs. 1 and 2, in which a transparent windshield of a motor vehicle, indicated as a whole by the reference mark 1 is described. Fig. 1 shows a view of the windshield 1 from the inside. The windshield 1 is implemented here, for example, as a composite glazing, whose construction is perceptible in the sectional perspective view of Fig. 2.
    [0050] According to this, the windshield 1 comprises two individual rigid panes, namely, an external pane 2 and an internal pane 3, which are fixedly joined together by a layer of thermoplastic adhesive 4, in this case, by example, a polyvinyl butyral film (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate film (EVA), or polyurethane film (PU). The two individual panes 2, 3 are approximately the same size and shape and may, for example, have a trapezoidal curved contour, which is not described in detail in the figures. These are, for example, made of glass, but they can also be produced from a material other than glass, such as plastic. For applications other than as a windshield, it would also be possible to produce the two individual panes 2, 3 from a flexible material. The contour of the windshield 1 is defined by an edge of the pane 5 common to the two individual panes 2, 3, with the windshield 1 having, on the top and bottom, two opposite primary sides 6, 6 'as well as, on the right and left, two opposite sides 7, 7 '.
    [0051] As described in Fig. 2, a transparent electrically heated coating 8 is deposited on the side of the inner pane 3 attached to the adhesive layer 4. Here, the heated coating 8 is, for example, applied substantially to the entire surface of the inner pane 3, with a strip of the edge 9 of the inner pane 3 circumferential on all uncoated sides such that a lining edge 10 of the heatable lining 8 is again placed inside with respect to the edge of the pane 5. This effects the electrical insulation of the lining heatable 8 towards the outside. In addition, the heated coating 8 is protected against corrosion penetrating the edge of the glass pane 5.
    [0052] The heatable coating 8 comprises, in a manner known per se, a layer sequence (not shown in detail) with at least one electrically heated metal sublayer, preferably silver (Ag), and, optionally, other sublayers such as layers antireflection and blocking layers. The layer sequence advantageously has high thermal stability such that it resists, without damage, at temperatures of typically more than 600 ° C required for mixing glass panes; however, the sequence of layers with low thermal stability can also be provided. The heated coating 8 can also be applied as a single metallic layer. It is also conceivable not to apply the heating coating 8 directly to the inner pane 3, but instead of applying this first to a charger, for example, a plastic film that is subsequently bonded with the inner and outer pane 2, 3. Alternatively, the film The loader can be attached to the adhesive films (for example, PVB films) and connected as a three-layer (three-layer) arrangement to the inner and outer glazing 2, 3. The heated coating 8 is preferably applied by spraying on the spraying of the cathode internal or external pane 2, 3.
    [0053] As described in Fig. 1, the heated coating 8 is electrically connected adjacent to the two primary sides 6, 6 ', that is, at the edge of the top and bottom pane 5, one in the form of a top tape collecting the electrode 11 (collection bar) and a ribbon shaped bottom collection bar 11 '(referred to in the introduction to the description as “first electrodes”) and, for example, for this purpose, galvanically connected to the two collection bars 11, 1T. The top pickup bar 11 is provided for connection to one terminal of a voltage source (not shown), while the bottom pickup bar 11 'is provided for connection to the other terminal of the voltage source. The two collector bars 11, 11 'of opposite polarity serve for the uniform introduction and distribution of the heating current in the heating jacket 8, with a heating section or heating field 12 included between the two collector bars 11, 11'. The first two electrodes 11, 11 'are, for example, printed on the electrically heated coating 8. The two collector bars 11, 11' have, in each case, at least one approximately linear stroke.
    [0054] The windshield 1 is also provided with a coating-free zone 14, which here serves, for example, as a sensor window for a rain sensor. It is understood that the coating-free zone 14 can also be provided for a different use, for example, as a communication window, for that purpose, it is permeable to at least part of the electromagnetic spectrum in order to prevent data traffic without problems through the windshield.
    [0055] The coating-free zone 14 has, for example, here at least an approximately rectangular contour with round corners and is bounded by a zone edge 18 formed by the electrically heated coating 8. The coating-free zone 14 is permeable by least in the part of the electromagnetic spectrum (for example, IR waves, radio waves waves in the ultra-short, short, and long range) in order to prevent data traffic smoothly through the windshield 1. The zone without coating 14 it can, for example, be produced by disguising itself before the application of the heating coating 8 on the internal pane 3. Alternatively, it can also be produced after the application of the heating coating 8 through chemical or mechanical ablation, for example, by means of engraving or use of a friction wheel. The coating-free zone 14 is located within the heating field 12 adjacent to the top collection bar 11.
    [0056] As described in Fig. 1, an additional electrode 15 (referred to in the introduction to the description as “second electrode”) is provided on windshield 1, which is, for example, electrically (galvanically) connected here to the busbar top 11.0 additional electrode 15 can, at least theoretically, be divided into several sections. Thus, the additional electrode 15 includes a supply section 16 electrically connected to the top collector bar 11, which here has, for example, at the beginning in a coating portion 25 a sinuously curved course and then transitions in a circumferential, through less approximately ring-shaped zone portion 17. While the coating portion 25 is located completely in the region of the heatable coating 8, the zone portion 17 is completely arranged within the coating-free zone 14. The zone portion 17 is implemented, for example, at least approximately congruent to the contour of the zone edge 18. Thus, within the zone portion 17 of the supply section 16, a free area or electrode window 26 joined by the zone portion 17 is formed such that the function of the coating-free zone 14 is not compromised by the additional electrode 15.
    [0057] The edge of zone 18 connecting the free zone 14 is composed of two opposites, at least approximately straight edge sections 19, 19 ', which are parallel to the primary sides 6, 6' of the windshield 1, and two opposites, at least approximately straight secondary edge sections 20, 20 ', which are parallel to the secondary sides 7, 7' of the windshield 1. In particular, a top primary edge section 19 is arranged close to the bar top collector 11 than for the bottom collector bar 11 ', while a primary bottom edge section 19' is arranged closer to the bottom collector bar 11 'than for the top collector bar 11. In particular, the primary bottom edge section 19 'moves parallel to bottom 1T pickup bar, which is provided for connection to the other voltage source terminal.
    [0058] The additional electrode 15 also has a plurality of connection sections extending linear 21, which are implemented, in each case, as a protrusion of the ring-shaped zone portions 17 of the supply section 16. Here, the connection sections 21 are distributed arranged (only) in the region of the primary bottom edge sections 19 '. The connecting sections 21 are arranged in uniform succession (equal distance between them) as a row or as a comb close together, in each case protruding perpendicular to the primary bottom edge section 19 'towards the bottom header 11' , and in each case, all modes extend to the heatable coating 8 such that they are electrically (galvanically) connected thereto. The connecting sections 21 thus extend beyond the bottom primary edge section 19 ’. At the two ends of the row, the connecting sections 21 are slightly angled towards the secondary sides 7 of the windshield 1, being pointed roughly towards the left bottom angle region 22 or the right bottom angle region 22 'of the windshield 1. Connection sections 21 are evenly distributed over the full length of the bottom primary edge section 19 'and thus prevent the uniform introduction and (wide) distribution of the heating current in the bottom region of the zone free from heating liner 14 in heating liner 8.
    [0059] The two collector bars in the form of ribbon 11, 11 'are produced here, for example, by printing, for example, using screen printing methods, a metallic printing paste, for example, silver printing paste, on the coating heatable 8. The additional electrode 15 can also be produced as a ribbon-shaped electrode printing on the heatable coating 8 and the non-coating zone 14, with the two collecting bars 11, 11 'and the additional electrode 15 produced here, for example, in a common (same) process or printing step. Alternatively, it would also be possible to produce the collector bars 11, 11 'and / or the additional electrode 15 by applying prefabricated metal strips made, for example, of copper or aluminum, which are then electrically connected, for example, by welding them. to the heated coating 8.
    [0060] The two collector bars 11, 11 'and the additional electrode 15 have here, for example, an electrical resistance in the range of 0.15 to 4 ohm / meter (Ω / m). The specific resistance is, in particular, for the collector bars 11, 11 'produced in the printing method, for example, in the range of 2 to 4 pohmcm. The width of the two ribbon bars 11, 1T is, for example, 10 to 15 mm. The width of the additional tape-shaped electrode 15 is, for example, less than 10 mm and is, for example, 1 to 10 mm. The width of the two busbars 11, 11 'and the additional electrode 15 is dimensioned, for example, such that, in each case, they release a maximum of 10 W / m, preferably a maximum of 8 W / m, for example, 5 W / m, as a force dissipation. The thickness of the two collecting bars 11, 11 'and the additional electrode 15 is, for example, in each case, in the range of 5 to 25 pm, in particular in the range of 10 to 15 pm. A cross-sectional area of the two collecting bars 11, 1T and the additional electrode 15 is, for example, in each case, in the range of 0.01 to 1 mm2, in particular in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 mm2.
    [0061] For pre-fabricated tape collector bars 11, 11 'made, for example, of copper (Cu), and correspondingly implemented additional electrode 15, the thickness is, for example, in the range of 30 to 150 pm, in particular in the range of 50 to 100 pm. In this case, the cross-sectional area is, for example, in the range of 0.05 to 0.25 mm2.
    [0062] Preferably, the additional electrode 15 on the windshield 1 has an electrical resistance such that when the supply voltage is applied, the heating current flows through the heating field 12 has at least a virtually homogeneous current density distribution. The electrical resistance of the additional electrode 15 can be adjusted, in a simple way, through the length of the supply section 16, in particular the coating portions 25, to a freely selectable pre-definable or pre-defined resistance value, for that purpose, supply section 16 here has, for example, a winding course; however, a different course can also be taken.
    [0063] The resistance of the hot foil of the heatable liner 8 is, for example, selected such that the current flows through the heating field 12 has a maximum magnitude of 5A. For example, the resistance of the electrical sheet of the heatable liner 8 is in the range of 0.1 to 4 Ω / π and is, for example, 1 Ω / π.
    [0064] The surface of the outer pane 2 facing the inner pane 3 is provided with an opaque colored layer that forms circumferential hiding strips in the form of a frame 13 at the edge of the pane 5. In Fig. 1, the hiding strips 13 are described only in the region of the two primary sides 6, 6 'of the windshield 1. The masking bands 13 are made, for example, from a black electrically insulating material, which is hardened on the outer pane 2. On the one hand, the concealment strips 13 prevent an adhesive wire (not shown) from being seen, with which windshield 1 is glued to the body of the motor vehicle; on the other hand, it serves as UV protection for the adhesive material used. In addition, the concealment strips 13 define the visual field of the windshield 1. Another function of the concealment strips 13 is to hide the two collector bars 11, 11 'such that they are not noticeable from the outside. At the edge of the top pane 5, the concealment strips 13 still have a covering section 23, whereby the coating-free zone 14 is frozen.
    [0065] In the windshield 1 with a heated coating 8, a heating current can thus be generated in the heating field 12 by applying a supply voltage to the two collector bars 11, 11 '. Applying the supply voltage, a potential difference between the additional electrode 15 and the bottom collecting bar 11 'is simultaneously generated such that a portion of the heating current flows through a section of the heating field 24, which is included between the additional electrode 15 or the coating-free zone 14 and the bottom collecting bar 11 '. In the region of the coating-free zone 14, the heating current is introduced homogeneously distributed in the heatable coating 8 over the bottom primary edge section 19 ', which is immediately adjacent to the collecting bar 11' to be connected to the other terminal of the power source. voltage. The (internal) electrical resistance of the additional electrode 15 generates, with the applied supply voltage, such a potential difference between the additional electrode 15 and the bottom collector bar 11 'that the current density distribution of the heating current is at least virtually homogeneous in the complete heatable coating 8. This advantageously allows homogenization of the distribution of the heating output in the heating coating 8.
    [0066] Fig. 3 to 8 illustrates different variants of the windshield 1 of Fig. 1. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, only the differences relating to the windshield 1 of Fig. 1 are explained and reference is otherwise made to the statements made with respect to Fig. 1 and 2. In Fig. 3 to 8, for the purpose of a simpler representation, the windshield 1 is shown, in each case, only as a detail in a top region .
    [0067] Fig. 3 illustrates a variant in which the supply section 16 of the additional electrode 15 is sinuously curved and consists of the portion of zone 17 arranged completely within the zone without coating 14. The area without coating 14 comprises a section circular primary zone 28 and a rectangular secondary zone section 29 connected thereto, extending to the busbar 11 provided for connection to a voltage source terminal. The winding path of the zone portion 17 extends, in each case, between the collecting bar 11 and the circular primary zone section 28 and changes its course direction in a direction perpendicular to it. Except for the connection sections 21, which extend beyond the zone edge 18 and are electrically connected to the heatable coating 8, the additional electrode 15 is thus located completely within the coating-free zone 14. On the one hand, this allows to obtain a particularly good adhesion of the additional electrode 15, for example, to the inner pane 3. On the other hand, electrical currents between adjacent parts of the supply section 16 conducted via the heating jacket 8 can be avoided. Such currents can occur, in particular, in the event of relatively large voltage differences between adjacent parts of the supply section 16, if the additional electrode 15 is applied to the heatable coating 8. Furthermore, with this variant, it is possible to prevent currents introduced at from the two collector bars 11, 11 'in the heating liner 8 flowing from the heating liner 8 to the supply section 16 and resulting in additional unwanted (possibly local) heating with the risk of the heating point. Here, the portion of zone 17 is not implemented as a complete ring, but forms only a partial ring, which follows the contour of the zone edge 18 of the free zone 14, in particular, in a circular edge section, which is formed by a section of the heating field 24 which is located between the additional electrode 15 or the zone free of coating 14 'and the collector bar 11' provided for connection to the other terminal of the voltage source. The windshield 1 also has areas free of coating 14 ', 14 ”, of oval shape here, for example, with which, in the present example, no additional electrode 15 is associated, but which can likewise be supplied with an electrode additional 15.
    [0068] Fig. 4 illustrates another variant, which differs from the variant of Fig. 3 in which the additional electrode 15 has two supplies 16, 16 'which have a common zone portion 17. The common zone portion 17 follows the contour of the zone edge 18, in particular, in the circular edge section, which is formed by a section of the heating field 24 which is situated between the additional electrode 15 or zone without coating 14 'and the collecting bar 11' provided for connection to the other terminal of the voltage source. The coating-free zone 14 consists only of the circular primary zone section 28, such that the two supply sections 16, 16 'move in sections in the heatable coating 8.
    [0069] The variant shown in Fig. 5 differs from the variant shown in Fig. 4 only in that the common zone portion 17 is discontinuous such that two additional electrodes 15, 15 'separated from each other are formed, which have, in each case , a separate supply section 16, 16 'and connection sections 21, 21' connected to it. This measure allows a heating current to be introduced through the additional electrodes 15, 15 'in the heating jacket 8 only in selective sections of the zone edge 18. This can, for example, be advantageous when the heating current introduced is undesirably higher due to a very short distance to the header 11 '. It can likewise be advantageous to not produce any heating current through the additional electrode 15 in a region (not shown) of comparatively high curvature of the zone edge 18.
    [0070] The variant illustrated in Fig. 6 differs from the variant shown in Fig. 4 in that the coating-free zone 14 comprises the circular primary zone section 28 and the rectangular secondary zone section 29 connected thereto, which extends to the collector bar 11 provided for connection to a voltage source terminal. The advantages of such a project have already been explained in the variant of Fig. 3.
    [0071] The variant shown in Fig. 7 differs from the variant shown in Fig. 3 in that the coating-free zone 14 consists only of the circular primary zone section 28. In addition, the winding path of the zone portion 17 extends , sometimes at right angles to a connection between the busbar 11 and the circular primary zone section 28 and changes its direction of travel along a path between the busbar 11 and the circular primary zone section 28. This allows for realization of relatively large distances between adjacent regions of the supply section 16, whereby, in particular, when relatively high voltages are present between adjacent regions of the supply section 16, currents conducted by the heating jacket 8 between these regions can be avoided.
    [0072] The variant illustrated in Fig. 8 differs from the variant shown in Fig. 6 in that the coating-free zone 14 comprises the circular primary zone section 28 and the rectangular secondary zone section 29 connected thereto, which extends to the collector bar 11 provided for connection to a voltage source terminal. The advantages of such a project have already been explained in the variant of Fig. 3.
    [0073] Fig. 9A describes another variant of the windshield of Fig. 1, in which, as a variant, the zone portion 17 is not circumferentially closed, but instead is implemented only in the region of one (right) , in this case) secondary edge section 20 'and primary bottom edge section 19'. It has been demonstrated in practice that in the sinuously curved coating portion 25 of the supply section 15 located in the heating coating 8, under certain conditions, the possibility exists that, in particular, in the region identified by “A”, a higher temperature is present in the field heating system 12. This may be undesirable, in particular, with reference to the needs of the customer.
    [0074] A measure to prevent such local overheating is illustrated in Fig. 9B. Accordingly, the supply section 16 of the additional electrode 15 'is discontinuous and divided into two spatially (structurally) separated regions, that is, not connected to each other by the same electrode material. Thus, the supply section 16 comprises a primary supply part 30 and a secondary supply part 31 separate from it. The primary supply part 30 is connected to the primary (top) collector bar 11 provided for connection to a voltage source terminal. The secondary supply part 31 comprises the zone portion 17, from which the connecting sections 21 protrude. In addition, the primary delivery part 30 includes a primary coupling section 32; the secondary supply part 30 includes a secondary coupling section 33, which are, in each case, electrically connected to the electrically conductive heatable coating 8, for example, printing on the coating 8. Each of the two coupling sections 32, 33 has at least approximately linear travel, with the two coupling sections 32, 33 moving close together in directly parallel alignment adjacent to each other in a connection zone 34. A distance B between the two coupling sections 32, 33 in the zone connection point 34 is selected such that the two coupling sections 32, 33 are galvanically connected (coupled) by the electrically heated coating 8. When the collector bar 11 of (top) provided for connection to a voltage source terminal is collided by a heating voltage, the heating current can be transferred between the two coupling sections 32, 33 by the heating jacket 8 located between the two coupling sections lament 32, 33. The cladding 8 thus forms a current transfer zone 35 between the two coupling sections 32, 33 for the current transfer between the two coupling sections 32, 33. A distance B between the two sections coupling 32, 33 is preferably selected such that the current can be transferred virtually without loss in the load supports between the two coupling sections 32, 33. Here, the distance B is, for example, in the centimeter range in a single digit or less.
    [0075] Fig. 10 illustrates, using a schematic description, the additional split electrode 15 'of Fig. 9B in the illustrated state, with the windshield 1 identical in structure to the windshield 1 shown in Fig. 1 and 2, with the exception of the additional 15 'split electrode. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made in this regard to the statements made here. In contrast to Fig. 9B, the additional electrode 15 'includes a closed ring-shaped portion 17 in the supply section 16. Connecting sections 21 are not described for the purpose of simpler representation. The two linear coupling sections 32, 33 are arranged such that they have a course perpendicular to the two linear bus bars 11, 11 ', at least approximately parallel to each other.
    [0076] Fig. 11 describes a variant of Fig. 10, in which only the two coupling sections 32, 33 are arranged opposite each other and extend parallel to each other as well as parallel to the two linear bus bars 11, 1T.
    [0077] The variant shown in Fig. 12 differs from the variant shown in Fig. 7 in that the supply section 16 of the additional electrode 15 'is discontinuous and divided into two regions in a spatially (structurally) separated way, that is, not connected to each other by the same electrode material. The supply section 16 comprises a primary supply part 30 and a secondary supply part 31 separate from it. The primary supply part 30 is connected to the primary (top) collector bar 11 provided for connection to a voltage source terminal. The secondary supply part 31 comprises the zone portion 17, from which the connecting sections 21 protrude. The primary delivery part 30 includes a primary coupling section 32; the secondary supply part 30 includes a secondary coupling section 33, which are, in each case, electrically connected to the electrically conductive heated coating 8. Each of the two coupling sections 32, 33 has at least an approximately linear stroke, with the two coupling sections 32, 33 moving close together in directly parallel alignment adjacent to each other in a connection zone 34. The two coupling sections 32, 33 are galvanically connected (coupled) in the connection zone 34 by the electrically heated jacket 8. The cladding 8 thus forms a current transfer zone 35 between the two coupling sections 32, 33 for the current transfer between the two coupling sections 32, 33. The two coupling sections 32, 33 are arranged opposite each other and extend parallel to the two linear collector bars 11, 1T. Reference Character List 1 windshield 2 outer pane 3 inner pane 4 adhesive layer 5 edge of pane 6, 6 'primary side 7, 7' secondary primary 8 coating 9 edge band 10 coating edge 11, 1T collector bar 12 heating field 13 concealment bands 14, 14 ', 14 ”coating-free zone 15, 15' additional electrode 16, 16 'supply section 17, 17' zone portion 18 zone edge 19, 19 'edge section primary straight 20, 20 'edge section secondary straight 21, 21'connection section 22, 22' angle region 23 cover section 24 heating field section 25 coating portion 26 electrode window 28 primary zone section 29 section secondary zone part 30 primary supply part 31 secondary supply part 32 primary coupling section 33 secondary coupling section 34 connection zone 35 current transfer zone
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [0001]
    1. Transparent glazing (1) having an electrically heated coating (8), which is electrically connected to at least two first electrodes (11, 11 ') supplied for electrical connection to the two terminals of a voltage source, in which the field of The heating element (12) includes at least one coating-free zone (14, 14 ', 14 ”), which is bounded by a zone edge (18) formed at least in sections by the heated coating (8), characterized by the fact that it comprises at least one second electrode (15, 15 ') supplied for electrical connection to a voltage source terminal, which electrode has at least one supply section (16, 16') disposed at least in sections in the free zone ( 14) and one or a plurality of connection sections (21, 2T) connected to the supply section (16, 16 '), where the connection sections (21, 2T) extend, in each case, starting from free zone (14), plus an edge section (19 ') of the zone edge (18), in that the edge section (19 ') is formed by a section (24) of the heating field (12) that is located between the zone without coating (14) and the first electrode (1T) provided for connection to the other terminal of the voltage source, where the supply section (16, 16 ') consists of at least two supply parts (30, 31) separated from each other, which in each case have a coupling section (32, 33), which is electrically connected to the heating jacket (8), in which the two coupling sections (32, 33) are arranged in such a way that they are galvanically coupled by the heating jacket (8), in which the supply section (16, 16 ') is composed of a coating portion (25) disposed outside the coating free zone (14) and a zone portion (17, 17') disposed within the coating free zone (14).
    [0002]
    Transparent glazing (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the two coupling sections (32, 33) have a stroke at least approximately parallel.
    [0003]
    Transparent glazing (1) according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that a first coupling section (32) is connected to the first electrode (11) provided for connection to a voltage source terminal and a second coupling section (33) is connected to one or a plurality of connection sections (21).
    [0004]
    Transparent glazing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the connecting sections (21, 21 ') are respectively implemented with a free end.
    [0005]
    5. Transparent glazing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the connecting sections (21, 21 ') are implemented homogeneously distributed arranged over the edge section (19') of the zone free from coating (14), in particular as a comb.
    [0006]
    6. Transparent glazing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the supply section (16, 16 ') follows at least the edge section (19') of the zone edge (18) , beyond which the connecting sections (21) extend.
    [0007]
    7. Transparent glazing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that the supply section (16, 16 ') follows the zone edge (18) circumferentially.
    [0008]
    Transparent glazing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the supply section (16, 16 ’) is distributed disposed over the area free of coating (14).
    [0009]
    9. Transparent glazing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact that the second electrode (15, 15 ') has at least two supply sections (16, 16'), which are, in each case, connected to one or a plurality of connection sections (21,21 ').
    [0010]
    10. Transparent glazing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that the length of the supply section (16) is dimensioned, for example, by a sinuously curved stroke, so that the second electrode ( 15, 15 ') has a predetermined electrical resistance, which is equivalent, in particular, to the foil resistance of the heatable coating (8) in a surface area corresponding to the coating-free zone (14).
    [0011]
    11. Method for producing a transparent pane (1), having the following steps: produce an electrically heated coating (8), form at least two first electrodes (11, 11 ') provided for electrical connection to the two terminals of a voltage source , these electrodes that are electrically connected to the heating coating (8), produce at least one coating-free zone (14, 14 ', 14 ”) in the heating field (12), the method being characterized by the fact that it also comprises: producing at least a second electrode (15 ') provided for electrical connection to a voltage source terminal, which electrode has at least one supply section (16, 16') disposed at least in sections in the free zone (14) and one or a plurality of connection sections (21, 2T) connected to the supply section (16, 16 '), in which the connection sections (21, 2T) extend, in each case, starting from the free zone (14), in addition to an edge section (19 ') of the zone edge (18), where the edge section (19 ') is formed by a section (24) of the heating field (12), which is located between the zone without coating (14) and the first electrode ( 11 ') provided for connection to the other terminal of the voltage source, in which the supply section (16, 16') is formed from at least two supply parts (30, 31) separated from each other, which have, in each case, a coupling section (32, 33) electrically connected to the heating jacket (8), in which the two coupling sections (32, 33) are arranged so that they are galvanically coupled by the heating jacket (8), and wherein the supply section (16, 16 ') is composed of a coating portion (25) disposed outside the coating free zone (14) and a zone portion (17, 17') disposed within the free zone coating (14).
    [0012]
    12. Method according to claim 11, characterized by the fact that the electrodes (11, 11 ’, 15) are produced in the printing method, in particular, in the screen printing method.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE212011100046U1|2012-10-25|
    CN102812775B|2015-11-25|
    US20130213949A1|2013-08-22|
    US9100996B2|2015-08-04|
    WO2012031907A1|2012-03-15|
    KR101605235B1|2016-03-21|
    MX2013002629A|2013-04-24|
    BR112013003960B1|2020-11-03|
    PT2614680T|2017-10-03|
    ES2614710T3|2017-06-01|
    EA028449B1|2017-11-30|
    EP2622938A1|2013-08-07|
    US9526130B2|2016-12-20|
    MX2013002626A|2013-04-24|
    EA023042B1|2016-04-29|
    PT2622938T|2017-02-15|
    JP5905468B2|2016-04-20|
    BR112013003961A2|2016-07-12|
    CN102812776A|2012-12-05|
    JP5905467B2|2016-04-20|
    BR112013003960A2|2016-07-12|
    KR20130096275A|2013-08-29|
    CN102812776B|2016-01-13|
    US20130220992A1|2013-08-29|
    CN102812775A|2012-12-05|
    DE212011100045U1|2012-10-25|
    JP2013541138A|2013-11-07|
    EP2614680A1|2013-07-17|
    ES2642059T3|2017-11-15|
    JP2013541807A|2013-11-14|
    EA201390361A1|2013-07-30|
    EP2622938B1|2016-11-09|
    KR101605236B1|2016-03-21|
    WO2012031907A8|2012-05-10|
    KR20130096276A|2013-08-29|
    PL2622938T3|2017-04-28|
    EA201390359A1|2013-08-30|
    EP2614680B1|2017-06-28|
    PL2614680T3|2017-12-29|
    WO2012031908A1|2012-03-15|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-26| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-07-09| B06T| Formal requirements before examination [chapter 6.20 patent gazette]|
    2019-12-31| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-04-07| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-11-03| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 26/08/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP10175987|2010-09-09|
    EP10175987.6|2010-09-09|
    EP11169654.8|2011-06-11|
    EP11169654|2011-06-11|
    PCT/EP2011/064708|WO2012031908A1|2010-09-09|2011-08-26|Transparent panel having a heatable coating|
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